Surah Al-Isra, Ayah 16
Quran 17:16 · The Night Journey · Makki · Para 15 · Page 283
وَاِذَاۤ اَرَدْنَاۤ اَنْ نُّهْلِكَ قَرْیَةً اَمَرْنَا مُتْرَفِیْهَا فَفَسَقُوْا فِیْهَا فَحَقَّ عَلَیْهَا الْقَوْلُ فَدَمَّرْنٰهَا تَدْمِیْرًا ۟
Transliteration
Wa-itha aradna an nuhlikaqaryatan amarna mutrafeeha fafasaqoo feehafahaqqa AAalayha alqawlu fadammarnahatadmeera
Saheeh International
And when We intend to destroy a city, We command its affluent but they defiantly disobey therein; so the word [i.e., deserved decree] comes into effect upon it, and We destroy it with [complete] destruction.
Al-Mukhtasar fi Tafsir
When I decided to destroy a town because of its wrongdoing, I instructed those who became reckless because of affluence, to obey Allah but they did not comply. And instead they disobeyed Him and transgressed, so the word of the decimating punishment became justified against them and I destroyed them completely.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged)
And when We decide to destroy a town (population), Amarna those who live luxuriously. Then, they transgress therein, and thus the word (of torment) is justified against it (them). Then We destroy it with complete destruction (16)
Meanings of Amarna
The commentators differed over the meaning of this word. It was said that the phrase translated here as "Amarna those who live luxuriously. Then, they transgress therein" means, "We send Our decree upon them" as Allah says elsewhere:
أَتَاهَآ أَمْرُنَا لَيْلاً أَوْ نَهَارًا
(Our decree reaches it by night or by day) For [Amarna cannot mean "Our command"] because Allah does not command or enjoin immorality.
Or, they said it means that Allah subjugated them to commit immoral deeds, so they deserved the punishment. Or it was said that it means: "We commanded them to obey Us, but they committed immoral sins, so they deserved punishment." This was reported from Ibn Jurayj from Ibn 'Abbas, and it is also the view of Sa'id bin Jubayr.
أَمَرْنَا مُتْرَفِيهَا فَفَسَقُوا فِيهَا
(Amarna those who live luxuriously. Then, they transgress therein,) 'Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn 'Abbas said: [this means] "We gave power to the evil people, so they committed sin therein (in the town), and because they did that, Allah destroyed them with the punishment." This is similar to the Ayah:
وَكَذَٰلِكَ جَعَلْنَا فِي كُلِّ قَرْيَةٍ أَكَابِرَ مُجْرِمِيهَا
(And thus We have set up in every town great ones of its wicked people)[6:133] This was also the view of Abu Al-'Aliyah, Mujahid and Ar-Rabi' bin Anas.
وَإِذَا أَرَدْنَا أَن نُّهْلِكَ قَرْيَةً أَمَرْنَا مُتْرَفِيهَا فَفَسَقُوا فِيهَا
(And when We decide to distroy a town (populaton), Amarna those who live luxuriously. Then, they transgress therein,) Al-'Awfi reported that Ibn 'Abbas said, (it means) "We increase their numbers. This was also the view of 'Ikrimah, Al-Hasan, Ad-Dahhak and Qatadah, and it was reported from Malik and Az-Zuhri.